IRIS GL
| Developer(s) | Silicon Graphics |
|---|---|
| Stable release | n/a
/ 1992 |
| Operating system | IRIX |
| Type | API |
| License | Various proprietary |
IRIS GL (Integrated Raster Imaging System Graphics Library) is a proprietary graphics API created by Silicon Graphics (SGI) in the early 1980s for producing 2D and 3D computer graphics on their IRIX-based IRIS graphical workstations.[1][2] Later SGI removed their proprietary code, reworked various system calls, and released IRIS GL as the industry standard OpenGL.[1][3][4][5]
History
[edit]In 1982, SGI began development of IRIS GL. It soon became much more popular than the ANSI standard PHIGS, as developers considered it more intuitive and flexible. In the years after 1982, IRIS GL began licensing it to many companies, including IBM. Fragmentation soon became an issue with IRIS GL's popularity, in the implementations and a much bigger one with many different windowing systems. In 1985, the X window system came around, and finally there was a somewhat common system. The system was considered more transparent and reliable.[6]
Later, a competitor came along from Sun Microsystems and Digital Equipment Corporation, relying much more on the X window system. It was technically called X3D, though soon became more commonly known as PHIGS Extension To X (PEX). By the late 1980's, full implementations were avaliable. Around that time, developers that used IRIS GL started to demand a portable, open graphics standard from SGI to support the most machines possible.[6]
In 1989, to comply with the demands and not be replaced, SGI started development of OpenGL. Two years later, the OpenGL ARB was formed with people from many different companies. In September of 1991, it was announced by SGI that IRIS GL was available for general licensing, making it fully open. They also announced that several companies, including Intel and Microsoft endorsed the GL.[7]
In June 1992, the OpenGL 1.0 specification was released, with as much portability as possibly.[6] Unlike PEX, OpenGL did not rely on the window system, it being a completely separate part to ensure their previous goals were met. To avoid namespace conflicts, every function was prefixed with "gl". Many modules were also either cleaned up, removed, or renamed.[8]
See also
[edit]- Silicon Graphics Image for file extension
.iris - SGI IRIS
- IrisVision - first port to PCs
References
[edit]- ^ a b Seddon, Chris (2005). "History of OpenGL". OpenGL Game Development. Wordware. p. 43. ISBN 1-55622-989-5.
- ^ Kilgard, Mark (2008). "OpenGL Prehistory: IRIS GL (slide from SIGGRAPH talk)". www.slideshare.net.
- ^ "SGI – OpenGL Overview". Archived from the original on October 31, 2004. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
- ^ Peddie, Jon (July 2012). "Who's the Fairest of Them All?". Computer Graphics World. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
- ^ "OpenGL ARB to Pass Control of OpenGL Specification to Khronos Group". The Khronos Group. July 31, 2006. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
- ^ a b c Martz, Paul (2006). OpenGL Distilled. Addison-Wesley. Retrieved 1 March 2025. (free trial)
- ^ "SILICON GRAPHICS OPENS IRIS GRAPHICS LIBRARY FOR GENERAL LICENSING". sgistuff.net. Retrieved 11 March 2025.
- ^ Kilgrad, Mark (1996). OpenGL programming for the X window system. Addison-Wesley. pp. 4–5. ISBN 0201483599. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
- Clark, James (July 1982). "The Geometry Engine: A VLSI Geometry System for Graphics" (PDF). Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. pp. 127–133. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-04-02. Retrieved 2015-06-08.